殺青(qing)主要(yao)目的(de)(de)是通過高溫破壞和鈍化鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)中的(de)(de)氧化酶(mei)活性，抑制(zhi)鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)中的(de)(de)茶多酚等的(de)(de)酶(mei)促氧化，防(fang)止烘干過程中變色。同時散(san)發青(qing)臭(chou)味，促進良好香氣的(de)(de)形成。殺青(qing)機(ji)(ji)械多采用微波殺青(qing)機(ji)(ji)、滾筒(tong)殺青(qing)機(ji)(ji)和燃(ran)氣炒(chao)青(qing)機(ji)(ji)。

微波殺青機

微(wei)波(bo)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設(she)備是(shi)一種新型的(de)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設(she)備，殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)速(su)度快、效(xiao)(xiao)率高、效(xiao)(xiao)果好(hao)。在殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)的(de)同時，還可以除去約(yue)10%的(de)鮮葉(xie)(xie)水分。微(wei)波(bo)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)機的(de)原理(li)主要(yao)是(shi)利用(yong)迅速(su)升(sheng)溫來鈍化鮮葉(xie)(xie)的(de)的(de)活性(xing)氧化酶，抑制鮮葉(xie)(xie)中的(de)茶多(duo)酚等酶加速(su)氧化，防止(zhi)在后續烘干過程中發生(sheng)色澤(ze)嚴(yan)重改變(bian)，同時揮發鮮葉(xie)(xie)的(de)腥草味，使(shi)茶香更(geng)好(hao)的(de)形成。采用(yong)微(wei)波(bo)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設(she)備對(dui)茶葉(xie)(xie)、菊花、金銀花等農產品進行殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)，平均每公斤的(de)量所需(xu)要(yao)的(de)電費不到(dao)三毛錢，而且殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)效(xiao)(xiao)果顯著，產品色澤(ze)、外形和(he)香氣(qi)都屬上(shang)佳品。

滾筒殺青機

烏(wu)龍茶(cha)殺青常(chang)用(yong)(yong)90型(xing)與110型(xing)兩(liang)種機型(xing)，該(gai)機結構緊湊、操作方便、效率高。爐火直(zhi)接加熱(re)轉(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體，茶(cha)葉(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體內(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體轉(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)離心(xin)力(li)在滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋(pao)轉(zhuan)，并吸(xi)收熱(re)量(liang)(liang)達到殺青目的(de)(de)。殺青適度后(hou)，反轉(zhuan)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)板將茶(cha)葉(xie)推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外。同(tong)時，借助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)扇將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶(cha)葉(xie)排凈(jing)。該(gai)機由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)裝置、風(feng)(feng)扇、機架、爐灶等部分組(zu)成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)板卷制(zhi)而成，內(nei)壁焊有(you)導(dao)葉(xie)板，導(dao)葉(xie)角為24°，其作用(yong)(yong)是幫助進葉(xie)或推出(chu)殺青葉(xie)，并將茶(cha)葉(xie)帶至一(yi)定高度后(hou)拋(pao)下。風(feng)(feng)扇可正、反轉(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸(xi)排濕氣(qi)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)外圍(wei)設有(you)擋煙圈，中心(xin)有(you)一(yi)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)，通過兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)輻條與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體相接，轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支撐于(yu)機架上。機架一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)角鋼(gang)制(zhi)作。爐灶由通風(feng)(feng)道、爐柵、爐膛(tang)、煙囪等組(zu)成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體置于(yu)爐膛(tang)內(nei)，爐膛(tang)頂部有(you)拔風(feng)(feng)口與煙囪相通。110型(xing)殺青機傳動(dong)配用(yong)(yong)功率1.1千(qian)瓦，投葉(xie)量(liang)(liang)15~25千(qian)克,風(feng)(feng)機功率0.75千(qian)瓦。