目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以微(wei)波殺(sha)青(qing)機(ji)、滾(gun)筒殺(sha)青(qing)機(ji)和(he)燃氣炒(chao)青(qing)機(ji)為主。
1.微波殺青機
微波(bo)殺(sha)(sha)青設(she)備是一種新型的(de)(de)(de)殺(sha)(sha)青設(she)備，殺(sha)(sha)青速(su)度快、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果(guo)好。在(zai)殺(sha)(sha)青的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)，還可(ke)以除去約10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉(xie)水(shui)分。的(de)(de)(de)原理(li)主要(yao)是利用迅速(su)升溫來鈍化鮮(xian)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性氧化酶，抑制鮮(xian)葉(xie)中的(de)(de)(de)茶多(duo)酚等酶加(jia)速(su)氧化，防止在(zai)后續(xu)烘干過程(cheng)中發(fa)生色澤嚴重改變，同時(shi)(shi)揮發(fa)鮮(xian)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)腥草味，使(shi)茶香更好的(de)(de)(de)形成。
采用(yong)微波(bo)殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)設備對(dui)茶葉(xie)、菊(ju)花、金銀(yin)花等農產品(pin)進行(xing)殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)，平(ping)均每公斤的(de)量所需要的(de)電費不到三毛(mao)錢，而(er)且殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)效(xiao)果顯著，產品(pin)色(se)澤、外形和香氣都屬(shu)上佳品(pin)。
2.滾筒殺青機
烏龍茶殺青常用90型與110型兩(liang)種機型，該機結(jie)構緊(jin)湊、操作方便、效(xiao)率(lv)高。爐火直接加熱轉動的(de)筒(tong)
體，茶葉(xie)(xie)在(zai)(zai)筒(tong)(tong)體內(nei)(nei)靠摩(mo)擦和筒(tong)(tong)體轉(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)離心力在(zai)(zai)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)拋轉(zhuan)，并吸收(shou)熱量達到殺青目的(de)(de)。殺青適度后(hou)，反轉(zhuan)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)，利用筒(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)螺旋(xuan)導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板將茶葉(xie)(xie)推(tui)出筒(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時(shi)，借(jie)助滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)(de)風扇將筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)茶葉(xie)(xie)排凈(jing)。該機(ji)由滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置、風扇、機(ji)架、爐(lu)(lu)灶等部(bu)(bu)分組成。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)用鋼板卷制(zhi)而成，內(nei)(nei)壁焊有導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板，導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)角為24°，其作用是幫助進葉(xie)(xie)或(huo)(huo)推(tui)出殺青葉(xie)(xie)，并將茶葉(xie)(xie)帶至一(yi)定高度后(hou)拋下。風扇可正(zheng)、反轉(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)(xie)出筒(tong)(tong)或(huo)(huo)吸排濕氣。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩端(duan)外(wai)圍設(she)有擋煙(yan)圈，中心有一(yi)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)，通(tong)過兩端(duan)的(de)(de)輻(fu)條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)體相(xiang)接，轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支撐于機(ji)架上。機(ji)架一(yi)般用角鋼制(zhi)作。爐(lu)(lu)灶由通(tong)風道、爐(lu)(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)(lu)膛、煙(yan)囪等組成。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體置于爐(lu)(lu)膛內(nei)(nei)，爐(lu)(lu)膛頂部(bu)(bu)有拔風口與(yu)煙(yan)囪相(xiang)通(tong)。110型(xing)殺青機(ji)傳(chuan)動(dong)配用功率(lv)1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風機(ji)功率(lv)0.75kW。
3.燃氣(qi)炒青機
該機(ji)以液化氣為(wei)熱(re)源，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)穩定，殺青均勻，清潔衛生(sheng)、操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)便。該機(ji)為(wei)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)式(shi)，由(you)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、火(huo)(huo)排(pai)加熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)、傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)、出(chu)茶裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)和機(ji)架組成(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)中部(bu)為(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)式(shi)結構(gou)(gou)，兩端為(wei)150mm錐體(ti)，外筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)采用(yong)保溫材料(liao)，轉筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)下部(bu)敞開，用(yong)于(yu)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加熱(re)火(huo)(huo)排(pai);加熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)使(shi)用(yong)液化氣作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)燃料(liao)，燃燒器為(wei)直線排(pai)火(huo)(huo)式(shi)，采用(yong)電子(zi)點(dian)火(huo)(huo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi);傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)構(gou)(gou)由(you)無級變速電機(ji)通(tong)過(guo)減速裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)帶動(dong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動(dong);機(ji)架用(yong)型鋼焊制(zhi)。機(ji)器的所(suo)有(you)結構(gou)(gou)均裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)于(yu)機(ji)架上，機(ji)架底部(bu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)4只(zhi)行走輪，便于(yu)移(yi)動(dong)。整(zheng)機(ji)配用(yong)功率(lv)0.75kW，單機(ji)投葉(xie)量10~15kg。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)時，待筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)溫度(du)達(da)到作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)要求后，將(jiang)(jiang)茶葉(xie)喂入(ru)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)，通(tong)過(guo)控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)調節滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)轉速及筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)溫度(du)，至茶葉(xie)殺青適度(du)時，讓(rang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)出(chu)葉(xie)端向下傾斜，利用(yong)重力將(jiang)(jiang)茶葉(xie)排(pai)出(chu)機(ji)外。
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