目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以微(wei)波(bo)殺青(qing)機、滾筒殺青(qing)機和燃氣炒青(qing)機為主。
1.微(wei)波殺(sha)青(qing)機
微波殺(sha)(sha)青設(she)(she)備是一種(zhong)新型的(de)(de)(de)殺(sha)(sha)青設(she)(she)備，殺(sha)(sha)青速(su)度快、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果好(hao)。在(zai)殺(sha)(sha)青的(de)(de)(de)同時，還可以(yi)除去約(yue)10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉(xie)水分。的(de)(de)(de)原理(li)主要是利用迅(xun)速(su)升溫來鈍化鮮(xian)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)氧(yang)化酶，抑制鮮(xian)葉(xie)中的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)多酚等酶加速(su)氧(yang)化，防止(zhi)在(zai)后續烘干(gan)過(guo)程中發生色澤(ze)嚴重改變，同時揮(hui)發鮮(xian)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)腥草(cao)味，使茶(cha)香(xiang)更好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)形成。
采用微波殺(sha)青(qing)設(she)備對茶葉、菊(ju)花、金銀花等農產品進(jin)行(xing)殺(sha)青(qing)，平均每公斤(jin)的(de)量所需(xu)要的(de)電費(fei)不到三(san)毛(mao)錢，而且殺(sha)青(qing)效果顯著，產品色澤、外形(xing)和(he)香氣都屬(shu)上佳品。
2.滾筒(tong)殺(sha)青機(ji)
烏龍(long)茶(cha)殺青常用90型與110型兩種機(ji)型，該(gai)機(ji)結(jie)構緊湊、操(cao)作方便、效率(lv)高。爐火直接加(jia)熱轉動(dong)的筒
體(ti)(ti)，茶葉在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動的(de)離心力在(zai)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋(pao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，并吸收熱量達到殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)目的(de)。殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)適度后(hou)，反(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壁(bi)的(de)螺旋(xuan)導葉板將(jiang)(jiang)茶葉推(tui)出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時(shi)，借(jie)助滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)末(mo)端(duan)的(de)風(feng)扇(shan)將(jiang)(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶葉排凈。該機(ji)由滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇(shan)、機(ji)架(jia)、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)灶(zao)等(deng)部分組成(cheng)。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼板卷制(zhi)而成(cheng)，內(nei)壁(bi)焊有導葉板，導葉角為24°，其作用(yong)(yong)是幫助進(jin)葉或推(tui)出殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)葉，并將(jiang)(jiang)茶葉帶至一定(ding)高度后(hou)拋(pao)下。風(feng)扇(shan)可正(zheng)、反(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，以吹葉出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸排濕氣(qi)。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)兩端(duan)外(wai)圍設有擋煙(yan)圈，中心有一轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸，通(tong)過兩端(duan)的(de)輻條與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)相接，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸由軸承支撐于機(ji)架(jia)上。機(ji)架(jia)一般用(yong)(yong)角鋼制(zhi)作。爐(lu)(lu)(lu)灶(zao)由通(tong)風(feng)道、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛、煙(yan)囪(cong)等(deng)組成(cheng)。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)置(zhi)于爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛內(nei)，爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛頂部有拔(ba)風(feng)口與煙(yan)囪(cong)相通(tong)。110型殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)機(ji)傳(chuan)動配用(yong)(yong)功率1.1kW，投(tou)葉量15~25kg,風(feng)機(ji)功率0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青(qing)機
該機(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)液化氣為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)源(yuan)，作業(ye)穩定，殺青(qing)均勻，清(qing)潔(jie)衛生、操作方便(bian)。該機(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)滾(gun)筒(tong)式，由(you)滾(gun)筒(tong)、火(huo)(huo)排加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)統、傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構、出茶裝置(zhi)、控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統和機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)組(zu)成(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圓筒(tong)式結(jie)構，兩端為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)150mm錐體(ti)(ti)(ti)，外(wai)筒(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)采用保溫材料，轉筒(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)下部(bu)敞開，用于(yu)安裝加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)火(huo)(huo)排;加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)統使用液化氣作燃料，燃燒器為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)直線排火(huo)(huo)式，采用電子點火(huo)(huo)裝置(zhi);傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構由(you)無級變速(su)電機(ji)(ji)(ji)通(tong)過減(jian)速(su)裝置(zhi)帶(dai)動(dong)筒(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)轉動(dong);機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)用型鋼焊制。機(ji)(ji)(ji)器的所(suo)有結(jie)構均裝置(zhi)于(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)上，機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)底部(bu)裝有4只行走輪，便(bian)于(yu)移動(dong)。整機(ji)(ji)(ji)配(pei)用功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)(ji)投葉(xie)(xie)量10~15kg。作業(ye)時，待筒(tong)內溫度達到作業(ye)要求后(hou)，將(jiang)茶葉(xie)(xie)喂入滾(gun)筒(tong)內，通(tong)過控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統調節滾(gun)筒(tong)轉速(su)及(ji)筒(tong)內溫度，至茶葉(xie)(xie)殺青(qing)適度時，讓筒(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出葉(xie)(xie)端向下傾斜，利用重力將(jiang)茶葉(xie)(xie)排出機(ji)(ji)(ji)外(wai)。
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