目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多(duo)是以微(wei)波殺青(qing)機(ji)(ji)、滾筒殺青(qing)機(ji)(ji)和燃氣炒青(qing)機(ji)(ji)為(wei)主。
1.微波殺(sha)青機
微波殺(sha)青(qing)設備是一種新(xin)型的(de)(de)殺(sha)青(qing)設備，殺(sha)青(qing)速(su)(su)度快(kuai)、效率高(gao)、效果好(hao)。在殺(sha)青(qing)的(de)(de)同(tong)時，還可以除去(qu)約10%的(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉水分。的(de)(de)原(yuan)理主要是利用(yong)迅速(su)(su)升溫(wen)來鈍化鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)的(de)(de)活(huo)性氧化酶，抑制鮮(xian)葉中(zhong)的(de)(de)茶多酚等酶加速(su)(su)氧化，防止在后續烘(hong)干過(guo)程中(zhong)發(fa)生(sheng)色澤嚴重改變，同(tong)時揮發(fa)鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)腥(xing)草味，使茶香更好(hao)的(de)(de)形成。
采用微波殺青(qing)設備對茶葉(xie)、菊花、金銀花等農產品進行殺青(qing)，平均每公斤的量(liang)所需要的電費不到(dao)三(san)毛錢，而且殺青(qing)效果顯(xian)著，產品色(se)澤(ze)、外形和香氣(qi)都屬上佳品。
2.滾筒殺(sha)青機(ji)
烏龍茶(cha)殺青常用90型與(yu)110型兩種機型，該機結構緊湊(cou)、操作方便、效率高(gao)。爐火(huo)直接加(jia)熱轉動(dong)的筒
體(ti)(ti)(ti)，茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)離心力在滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋(pao)轉，并吸收熱量(liang)達(da)到殺青(qing)(qing)目的(de)。殺青(qing)(qing)適度后，反轉滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)板將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)推出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)(wai)。同時(shi)，借(jie)助(zhu)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)風(feng)扇(shan)將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)排凈。該機由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇(shan)、機架、爐(lu)灶等部分(fen)組(zu)成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼板卷制(zhi)而成(cheng)，內(nei)壁焊有導(dao)葉(xie)板，導(dao)葉(xie)角為24°，其(qi)作用(yong)是幫助(zhu)進葉(xie)或推出殺青(qing)(qing)葉(xie)，并將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)帶至(zhi)一定高度后拋(pao)下。風(feng)扇(shan)可正、反轉，以吹葉(xie)出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸排濕(shi)氣。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)兩端(duan)外(wai)(wai)圍設有擋煙圈，中心有一轉軸(zhou)，通(tong)過(guo)兩端(duan)的(de)輻條(tiao)與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)相接，轉軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支撐于機架上。機架一般用(yong)角鋼制(zhi)作。爐(lu)灶由通(tong)風(feng)道、爐(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)膛、煙囪(cong)等組(zu)成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)置(zhi)于爐(lu)膛內(nei)，爐(lu)膛頂部有拔(ba)風(feng)口(kou)與煙囪(cong)相通(tong)。110型殺青(qing)(qing)機傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)配(pei)用(yong)功率1.1kW，投葉(xie)量(liang)15~25kg,風(feng)機功率0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒(chao)青機
該(gai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以液化氣為(wei)熱(re)源，作業穩定(ding)，殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)均勻，清潔衛生、操作方便(bian)。該(gai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)滾(gun)(gun)筒式，由滾(gun)(gun)筒、火(huo)排加熱(re)系(xi)統、傳(chuan)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)、出(chu)(chu)茶(cha)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統和機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)組成(圖4)。滾(gun)(gun)筒體(ti)(ti)中部為(wei)圓筒式結構(gou)，兩端(duan)(duan)為(wei)150mm錐體(ti)(ti)，外筒體(ti)(ti)采(cai)用(yong)保溫(wen)(wen)材料，轉筒體(ti)(ti)下部敞開，用(yong)于安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加熱(re)火(huo)排;加熱(re)系(xi)統使用(yong)液化氣作燃料，燃燒器為(wei)直線排火(huo)式，采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)子(zi)點火(huo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置;傳(chuan)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)由無級變速(su)(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)通過減(jian)速(su)(su)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置帶動筒體(ti)(ti)轉動;機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)用(yong)型鋼(gang)焊制(zhi)。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器的所有結構(gou)均裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置于機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)上(shang)，機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)底部裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有4只行走輪，便(bian)于移動。整機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)配(pei)用(yong)功率(lv)0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)投葉量10~15kg。作業時，待(dai)筒內溫(wen)(wen)度(du)達(da)到作業要求后(hou)，將(jiang)茶(cha)葉喂入滾(gun)(gun)筒內，通過控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統調(diao)節滾(gun)(gun)筒轉速(su)(su)及筒內溫(wen)(wen)度(du)，至茶(cha)葉殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)適(shi)度(du)時，讓筒體(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)葉端(duan)(duan)向(xiang)下傾斜，利用(yong)重力將(jiang)茶(cha)葉排出(chu)(chu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)外。
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