目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以(yi)微波殺青(qing)機(ji)、滾筒殺青(qing)機(ji)和燃氣炒青(qing)機(ji)為(wei)主。
1.微波殺青機
微波殺(sha)青(qing)設備是一(yi)種新型(xing)的殺(sha)青(qing)設備，殺(sha)青(qing)速度快、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果好。在殺(sha)青(qing)的同(tong)時(shi)(shi)，還可以除去約(yue)10%的鮮葉(xie)(xie)水分。的原(yuan)理主要是利用迅速升溫來鈍化鮮葉(xie)(xie)的的活性氧化酶，抑制鮮葉(xie)(xie)中的茶(cha)多(duo)酚等酶加速氧化，防止(zhi)在后(hou)續烘(hong)干(gan)過程中發生色澤嚴重改變，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)揮發鮮葉(xie)(xie)的腥草味(wei)，使茶(cha)香(xiang)更好的形成。
采(cai)用微波殺青(qing)(qing)設備對茶葉、菊花(hua)、金銀花(hua)等農產品進行殺青(qing)(qing)，平均每(mei)公(gong)斤的量所需要的電(dian)費不到三毛(mao)錢(qian)，而且殺青(qing)(qing)效果顯著，產品色(se)澤、外(wai)形和香氣(qi)都屬(shu)上(shang)佳品。
2.滾(gun)筒(tong)殺(sha)青(qing)機
烏龍(long)茶殺青(qing)常(chang)用90型(xing)與(yu)110型(xing)兩(liang)種機型(xing)，該機結構緊湊、操作方便、效率高。爐(lu)火直(zhi)接加熱(re)轉動(dong)的筒(tong)
體，茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)體內靠(kao)摩擦(ca)和筒(tong)(tong)體轉(zhuan)動的(de)(de)離心(xin)力在滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內拋(pao)(pao)轉(zhuan)，并吸收熱量達到殺青(qing)(qing)目(mu)的(de)(de)。殺青(qing)(qing)適度后(hou)，反(fan)轉(zhuan)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)，利用筒(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)螺旋導葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)將(jiang)(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)推(tui)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)外。同時(shi)，借助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)末(mo)端的(de)(de)風(feng)扇(shan)將(jiang)(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)內茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)排凈。該機由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、傳動裝置、風(feng)扇(shan)、機架(jia)、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)灶(zao)等部分組成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)用鋼(gang)板(ban)卷(juan)制而成，內壁焊有導葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導葉(xie)(xie)角(jiao)為(wei)24°，其作用是幫(bang)助進葉(xie)(xie)或(huo)推(tui)出(chu)殺青(qing)(qing)葉(xie)(xie)，并將(jiang)(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)帶至一(yi)定高度后(hou)拋(pao)(pao)下(xia)。風(feng)扇(shan)可正(zheng)、反(fan)轉(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)或(huo)吸排濕(shi)氣。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩端外圍設有擋(dang)煙圈，中心(xin)有一(yi)轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)，通(tong)過兩端的(de)(de)輻條與筒(tong)(tong)體相接，轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支撐于(yu)機架(jia)上。機架(jia)一(yi)般(ban)用角(jiao)鋼(gang)制作。爐(lu)(lu)(lu)灶(zao)由通(tong)風(feng)道、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛、煙囪(cong)等組成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體置于(yu)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛內，爐(lu)(lu)(lu)膛頂部有拔(ba)風(feng)口與煙囪(cong)相通(tong)。110型殺青(qing)(qing)機傳動配用功(gong)(gong)率(lv)1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風(feng)機功(gong)(gong)率(lv)0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青機
該(gai)機(ji)(ji)以液(ye)化(hua)(hua)氣為(wei)熱(re)源，作業(ye)穩定，殺(sha)青均(jun)勻，清潔衛生、操作方便。該(gai)機(ji)(ji)為(wei)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)式(shi)，由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、火排(pai)(pai)加熱(re)系統、傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構、出茶裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、控(kong)制系統和機(ji)(ji)架組成(cheng)(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體中部(bu)(bu)為(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)式(shi)結構，兩端為(wei)150mm錐體，外筒(tong)(tong)體采用(yong)(yong)(yong)保(bao)溫材(cai)料，轉筒(tong)(tong)體下部(bu)(bu)敞開，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加熱(re)火排(pai)(pai);加熱(re)系統使用(yong)(yong)(yong)液(ye)化(hua)(hua)氣作燃(ran)(ran)料，燃(ran)(ran)燒器為(wei)直線排(pai)(pai)火式(shi)，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)電子點火裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi);傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構由無(wu)級(ji)變速電機(ji)(ji)通過(guo)減速裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)帶動(dong)筒(tong)(tong)體轉動(dong);機(ji)(ji)架用(yong)(yong)(yong)型(xing)鋼焊制。機(ji)(ji)器的(de)所有結構均(jun)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)于機(ji)(ji)架上，機(ji)(ji)架底部(bu)(bu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)有4只(zhi)行走輪，便于移動(dong)。整(zheng)機(ji)(ji)配(pei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉量10~15kg。作業(ye)時(shi)，待(dai)筒(tong)(tong)內溫度達(da)到作業(ye)要求后(hou)，將茶葉喂入滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內，通過(guo)控(kong)制系統調節滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)轉速及筒(tong)(tong)內溫度，至(zhi)茶葉殺(sha)青適度時(shi)，讓筒(tong)(tong)體出葉端向(xiang)下傾(qing)斜，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)重(zhong)力將茶葉排(pai)(pai)出機(ji)(ji)外。
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