目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以微波殺(sha)青(qing)機(ji)、滾(gun)筒殺(sha)青(qing)機(ji)和燃氣炒青(qing)機(ji)為主。
1.微波殺青機(ji)
微波殺(sha)青(qing)設(she)備是一種新型的(de)(de)(de)殺(sha)青(qing)設(she)備，殺(sha)青(qing)速(su)度快(kuai)、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果好(hao)。在殺(sha)青(qing)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，還可以除(chu)去約10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉水分。的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理主(zhu)要(yao)是利用(yong)迅速(su)升(sheng)溫(wen)來鈍化鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性氧化酶(mei)，抑制鮮(xian)葉中的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)多(duo)酚等酶(mei)加速(su)氧化，防止在后續烘干(gan)過程中發(fa)生色(se)澤嚴(yan)重改(gai)變(bian)，同時(shi)揮發(fa)鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)腥草味，使(shi)茶(cha)香更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)形成。
采用微波殺(sha)青設(she)備對茶(cha)葉、菊花、金銀花等農產品進(jin)行殺(sha)青，平均每(mei)公斤的(de)(de)量(liang)所需要的(de)(de)電(dian)費不到(dao)三(san)毛錢，而(er)且殺(sha)青效果顯著，產品色(se)澤、外形和香氣都屬上(shang)佳品。
2.滾筒殺(sha)青機
烏龍茶殺(sha)青常用90型(xing)與110型(xing)兩種(zhong)機型(xing)，該機結構緊湊、操作(zuo)方(fang)便、效率高。爐(lu)火直接加(jia)熱轉動的(de)筒
體(ti)(ti)，茶(cha)葉(xie)在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)離心力在(zai)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)拋轉(zhuan)，并(bing)吸收(shou)熱(re)量(liang)達(da)到殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)目的(de)(de)。殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)適度后(hou)(hou)，反轉(zhuan)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁(bi)的(de)(de)螺旋導葉(xie)板將茶(cha)葉(xie)推(tui)出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同(tong)時，借助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)(de)風扇(shan)將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)茶(cha)葉(xie)排凈。該(gai)機(ji)由(you)(you)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)裝置(zhi)、風扇(shan)、機(ji)架(jia)、爐灶等部分組成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼(gang)板卷制(zhi)而成(cheng)，內(nei)(nei)壁(bi)焊有(you)導葉(xie)板，導葉(xie)角為24°，其作(zuo)用(yong)是幫助進葉(xie)或(huo)推(tui)出殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)葉(xie)，并(bing)將茶(cha)葉(xie)帶至一(yi)定高度后(hou)(hou)拋下。風扇(shan)可(ke)正、反轉(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或(huo)吸排濕氣。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)圍設有(you)擋煙圈，中心有(you)一(yi)轉(zhuan)軸，通過兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)輻條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)相(xiang)接，轉(zhuan)軸由(you)(you)軸承支撐(cheng)于機(ji)架(jia)上。機(ji)架(jia)一(yi)般用(yong)角鋼(gang)制(zhi)作(zuo)。爐灶由(you)(you)通風道、爐柵、爐膛(tang)、煙囪等組成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)置(zhi)于爐膛(tang)內(nei)(nei)，爐膛(tang)頂(ding)部有(you)拔風口與(yu)煙囪相(xiang)通。110型殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)機(ji)傳動(dong)配用(yong)功(gong)率1.1kW，投(tou)葉(xie)量(liang)15~25kg,風機(ji)功(gong)率0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青機
該(gai)機(ji)以(yi)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)為熱(re)源(yuan)，作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)穩(wen)定，殺青(qing)均(jun)勻，清潔衛(wei)生、操作(zuo)(zuo)方便。該(gai)機(ji)為滾筒(tong)(tong)式，由(you)(you)滾筒(tong)(tong)、火排加熱(re)系統(tong)、傳動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構、出(chu)茶(cha)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、控(kong)制系統(tong)和機(ji)架(jia)組成(圖4)。滾筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)中部為圓筒(tong)(tong)式結(jie)構，兩端為150mm錐(zhui)體(ti)，外(wai)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)保溫材料，轉筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)下(xia)部敞開，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)安(an)裝(zhuang)加熱(re)火排;加熱(re)系統(tong)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)燃料，燃燒器為直線排火式，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電子點火裝(zhuang)置(zhi);傳動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構由(you)(you)無級變速電機(ji)通(tong)過減速裝(zhuang)置(zhi)帶動(dong)(dong)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動(dong)(dong);機(ji)架(jia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)型鋼焊(han)制。機(ji)器的所有結(jie)構均(jun)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)于(yu)機(ji)架(jia)上，機(ji)架(jia)底部裝(zhuang)有4只行走輪，便于(yu)移動(dong)(dong)。整機(ji)配用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)投葉(xie)(xie)(xie)量(liang)10~15kg。作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)時(shi)，待筒(tong)(tong)內溫度(du)達到作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)要求后，將茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)喂(wei)入滾筒(tong)(tong)內，通(tong)過控(kong)制系統(tong)調節滾筒(tong)(tong)轉速及筒(tong)(tong)內溫度(du)，至茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)殺青(qing)適(shi)度(du)時(shi)，讓筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)出(chu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)端向下(xia)傾斜，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)重(zhong)力將茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)排出(chu)機(ji)外(wai)。
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