目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以微(wei)波殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)、滾(gun)筒殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)和燃氣(qi)炒(chao)青(qing)(qing)機(ji)為主。
1.微波殺青機(ji)
微波殺(sha)青(qing)設備是一種新型的(de)殺(sha)青(qing)設備，殺(sha)青(qing)速(su)度快、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果好。在殺(sha)青(qing)的(de)同時，還可(ke)以除(chu)去(qu)約10%的(de)鮮葉水分(fen)。的(de)原理主要是利用(yong)迅速(su)升溫來(lai)鈍化鮮葉的(de)的(de)活性(xing)氧化酶(mei)，抑(yi)制鮮葉中的(de)茶多酚等酶(mei)加速(su)氧化，防(fang)止在后續烘(hong)干過程(cheng)中發生色澤嚴重(zhong)改變，同時揮發鮮葉的(de)腥草味(wei)，使茶香更好的(de)形成(cheng)。
采用微波殺(sha)青設備對茶葉、菊(ju)花、金銀(yin)花等(deng)農產品進(jin)行殺(sha)青，平均每公斤(jin)的(de)量(liang)所需要的(de)電費(fei)不到三毛錢，而且殺(sha)青效果(guo)顯著，產品色(se)澤、外形和香氣都屬上佳品。
2.滾筒(tong)殺青機
烏龍茶殺青常用90型與(yu)110型兩種機(ji)型，該機(ji)結構緊(jin)湊、操(cao)作(zuo)方(fang)便、效率高。爐(lu)火直接加熱轉(zhuan)動的(de)筒
體(ti)(ti)，茶葉(xie)(xie)在(zai)(zai)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)離(li)心力在(zai)(zai)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，并吸(xi)收熱量達到殺青目的(de)(de)(de)。殺青適度(du)后，反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)，利(li)用(yong)筒(tong)(tong)壁(bi)的(de)(de)(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板將茶葉(xie)(xie)推(tui)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同(tong)時，借助滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)扇(shan)將筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶葉(xie)(xie)排凈。該機由(you)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇(shan)、機架、爐灶(zao)等(deng)部(bu)分(fen)組成。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼(gang)板卷制而成，內(nei)壁(bi)焊有(you)(you)導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板，導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)角為(wei)24°，其作用(yong)是幫助進葉(xie)(xie)或推(tui)出(chu)殺青葉(xie)(xie)，并將茶葉(xie)(xie)帶至一定(ding)高(gao)度(du)后拋下(xia)。風(feng)扇(shan)可正、反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)或吸(xi)排濕氣。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)圍設有(you)(you)擋煙(yan)圈，中心有(you)(you)一轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)軸，通過兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)輻條與筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)相接(jie)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)軸由(you)軸承支撐于機架上。機架一般(ban)用(yong)角鋼(gang)制作。爐灶(zao)由(you)通風(feng)道、爐柵、爐膛(tang)(tang)、煙(yan)囪(cong)等(deng)組成。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)置(zhi)于爐膛(tang)(tang)內(nei)，爐膛(tang)(tang)頂部(bu)有(you)(you)拔風(feng)口與煙(yan)囪(cong)相通。110型殺青機傳動(dong)配(pei)用(yong)功率1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風(feng)機功率0.75kW。
3.燃(ran)氣炒(chao)青(qing)機
該機(ji)(ji)以(yi)液化氣為熱(re)源，作(zuo)(zuo)業穩定，殺青(qing)均(jun)勻(yun)，清潔衛生、操作(zuo)(zuo)方便。該機(ji)(ji)為滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)式，由滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、火(huo)排(pai)(pai)加熱(re)系(xi)統、傳動機(ji)(ji)構(gou)、出茶裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、控制(zhi)系(xi)統和機(ji)(ji)架(jia)組成(cheng)(圖4)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)部為圓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)式結(jie)構(gou)，兩端為150mm錐體(ti)(ti)，外筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)保溫(wen)材料，轉(zhuan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)下部敞開，用(yong)(yong)于(yu)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加熱(re)火(huo)排(pai)(pai);加熱(re)系(xi)統使用(yong)(yong)液化氣作(zuo)(zuo)燃(ran)料，燃(ran)燒器為直(zhi)線(xian)排(pai)(pai)火(huo)式，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)子點火(huo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi);傳動機(ji)(ji)構(gou)由無級變速(su)(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)通(tong)過減速(su)(su)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)帶(dai)動筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)動;機(ji)(ji)架(jia)用(yong)(yong)型鋼焊制(zhi)。機(ji)(ji)器的所有(you)結(jie)構(gou)均(jun)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)于(yu)機(ji)(ji)架(jia)上(shang)，機(ji)(ji)架(jia)底部裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)4只(zhi)行走輪，便于(yu)移動。整機(ji)(ji)配用(yong)(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉(xie)量10~15kg。作(zuo)(zuo)業時(shi)，待筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)達(da)到作(zuo)(zuo)業要求后，將茶葉(xie)喂入滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內，通(tong)過控制(zhi)系(xi)統調節滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)及筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)，至茶葉(xie)殺青(qing)適度(du)(du)(du)時(shi)，讓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)出葉(xie)端向下傾斜，利用(yong)(yong)重力將茶葉(xie)排(pai)(pai)出機(ji)(ji)外。
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