殺青主要目的是(shi)通(tong)過高溫破壞和鈍化鮮葉(xie)中(zhong)的氧(yang)化酶(mei)活性(xing)，抑(yi)制鮮葉(xie)中(zhong)的茶多酚等(deng)的酶(mei)促氧(yang)化，防止烘干過程中(zhong)變色。同時(shi)散發青臭(chou)味，促進良好香氣(qi)的形成。殺青機(ji)械多采用微波(bo)殺青機(ji)、滾筒殺青機(ji)和燃氣(qi)炒青機(ji)。

微波殺青機

微波殺(sha)青(qing)設(she)備是一種(zhong)新型的(de)(de)(de)殺(sha)青(qing)設(she)備，殺(sha)青(qing)速度快、效率(lv)高、效果好(hao)。在殺(sha)青(qing)的(de)(de)(de)同時，還可以除去約10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮葉(xie)水分(fen)。微波殺(sha)青(qing)機的(de)(de)(de)原理主要(yao)是利用(yong)迅速升溫來(lai)鈍化(hua)(hua)鮮葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性氧化(hua)(hua)酶(mei)，抑制鮮葉(xie)中的(de)(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)多酚等酶(mei)加(jia)速氧化(hua)(hua)，防止在后續(xu)烘干過程中發(fa)生色澤(ze)嚴重(zhong)改(gai)變(bian)，同時揮發(fa)鮮葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)腥草味，使茶(cha)(cha)香更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)形成。采用(yong)微波殺(sha)青(qing)設(she)備對茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)、菊(ju)花、金銀花等農(nong)產品進行殺(sha)青(qing)，平均每(mei)公斤(jin)的(de)(de)(de)量所(suo)需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)電費不(bu)到(dao)三毛錢，而且(qie)殺(sha)青(qing)效果顯著，產品色澤(ze)、外形和香氣(qi)都屬上佳品。

滾筒殺青機

烏龍茶(cha)殺青(qing)常用(yong)(yong)90型與(yu)110型兩(liang)(liang)(liang)種機(ji)型，該(gai)機(ji)結構緊湊(cou)、操(cao)作方便(bian)、效率(lv)高(gao)。爐(lu)(lu)火直(zhi)接加(jia)熱(re)(re)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)，茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦(ca)和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)離心力在滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，并吸(xi)收熱(re)(re)量(liang)達(da)到(dao)殺青(qing)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。殺青(qing)適度后，反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)將茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時(shi)，借(jie)助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)扇將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)排(pai)凈。該(gai)機(ji)由(you)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇、機(ji)架、爐(lu)(lu)灶等部(bu)分組成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)板(ban)卷制而(er)成(cheng)，內(nei)壁焊有導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)角為24°，其作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)幫助進葉(xie)(xie)或推出(chu)殺青(qing)葉(xie)(xie)，并將茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)帶(dai)至一定(ding)高(gao)度后拋下。風(feng)扇可正、反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸(xi)排(pai)濕氣(qi)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)(duan)外(wai)圍設有擋煙圈，中心有一轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸，通過兩(liang)(liang)(liang)端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輻條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相接，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸由(you)軸承支撐于機(ji)架上。機(ji)架一般用(yong)(yong)角鋼(gang)制作。爐(lu)(lu)灶由(you)通風(feng)道、爐(lu)(lu)柵、爐(lu)(lu)膛、煙囪(cong)(cong)等組成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置(zhi)于爐(lu)(lu)膛內(nei)，爐(lu)(lu)膛頂部(bu)有拔風(feng)口與(yu)煙囪(cong)(cong)相通。110型殺青(qing)機(ji)傳(chuan)動配(pei)用(yong)(yong)功率(lv)1.1千(qian)(qian)瓦，投(tou)葉(xie)(xie)量(liang)15~25千(qian)(qian)克,風(feng)機(ji)功率(lv)0.75千(qian)(qian)瓦。