目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以微波殺青機(ji)、滾筒(tong)殺青機(ji)和(he)燃氣炒青機(ji)為(wei)主。
1.微波殺(sha)青機(ji)
微波殺青(qing)(qing)設備是一種(zhong)新型的(de)殺青(qing)(qing)設備，殺青(qing)(qing)速度快、效(xiao)(xiao)率高、效(xiao)(xiao)果好。在(zai)殺青(qing)(qing)的(de)同(tong)時，還可(ke)以(yi)除去約10%的(de)鮮(xian)葉水分。的(de)原理主要是利用迅速升溫(wen)來(lai)鈍化鮮(xian)葉的(de)的(de)活性氧化酶(mei)，抑制鮮(xian)葉中的(de)茶(cha)多酚等(deng)酶(mei)加(jia)速氧化，防止(zhi)在(zai)后(hou)續烘干過程(cheng)中發生色澤嚴重(zhong)改(gai)變，同(tong)時揮發鮮(xian)葉的(de)腥(xing)草味(wei)，使茶(cha)香更好的(de)形成。
采用微波殺青設備對茶葉、菊花、金銀花等農(nong)產(chan)品進行殺青，平均每公(gong)斤的量所需要的電(dian)費不到三毛錢，而(er)且殺青效(xiao)果顯著，產(chan)品色澤、外形和香氣(qi)都屬(shu)上(shang)佳品。
2.滾筒(tong)殺(sha)青機
烏龍(long)茶殺(sha)青常用90型與110型兩(liang)種(zhong)機型，該機結構緊湊、操(cao)作方(fang)便(bian)、效率高。爐火直接加熱轉動(dong)的筒
體(ti)，茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內靠摩擦和(he)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動(dong)的(de)離心力在滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內拋(pao)轉，并(bing)(bing)吸收(shou)熱量(liang)達到殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)目的(de)。殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)適度(du)后，反轉滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)將茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時，借助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)排(pai)凈。該(gai)機(ji)(ji)由(you)(you)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置、風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)、機(ji)(ji)架、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)灶等(deng)部分組成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼板(ban)卷制而(er)成(cheng)，內壁焊有導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)角為24°，其(qi)作用(yong)是(shi)幫助進葉(xie)(xie)或推出(chu)殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)葉(xie)(xie)，并(bing)(bing)將茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)帶至(zhi)一定(ding)高度(du)后拋(pao)下。風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)可正、反轉，以吹葉(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸排(pai)濕氣。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)兩(liang)端(duan)外(wai)圍(wei)設有擋煙(yan)圈(quan)，中心有一轉軸，通過兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)輻條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相接，轉軸由(you)(you)軸承(cheng)支(zhi)撐于機(ji)(ji)架上(shang)。機(ji)(ji)架一般用(yong)角鋼制作。爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)灶由(you)(you)通風(feng)(feng)道、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛(tang)、煙(yan)囪等(deng)組成(cheng)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置于爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛(tang)內，爐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)膛(tang)頂部有拔風(feng)(feng)口與(yu)煙(yan)囪相通。110型(xing)殺(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)機(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)動(dong)配用(yong)功(gong)率(lv)1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)量(liang)15~25kg,風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)功(gong)率(lv)0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青機
該機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以液化氣為(wei)(wei)熱(re)(re)(re)源，作(zuo)(zuo)業穩定，殺(sha)青均勻，清(qing)潔衛生、操作(zuo)(zuo)方便(bian)(bian)。該機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)滾筒(tong)(tong)式(shi)(shi)，由滾筒(tong)(tong)、火排(pai)加熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)統、傳(chuan)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)、出茶裝(zhuang)置、控制系(xi)統和機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架組成(圖4)。滾筒(tong)(tong)體中部(bu)為(wei)(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)式(shi)(shi)結構(gou)，兩端為(wei)(wei)150mm錐體，外筒(tong)(tong)體采(cai)用(yong)(yong)保溫材料，轉(zhuan)筒(tong)(tong)體下(xia)部(bu)敞(chang)開，用(yong)(yong)于安(an)裝(zhuang)加熱(re)(re)(re)火排(pai);加熱(re)(re)(re)系(xi)統使(shi)用(yong)(yong)液化氣作(zuo)(zuo)燃料，燃燒器(qi)為(wei)(wei)直線排(pai)火式(shi)(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電子(zi)點(dian)火裝(zhuang)置;傳(chuan)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)由無級變速(su)電機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)通過減(jian)速(su)裝(zhuang)置帶動筒(tong)(tong)體轉(zhuan)動;機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架用(yong)(yong)型鋼焊制。機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)的所有結構(gou)均裝(zhuang)置于機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架上(shang)，機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)架底(di)部(bu)裝(zhuang)有4只行(xing)走輪，便(bian)(bian)于移動。整(zheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)配(pei)用(yong)(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)投葉量10~15kg。作(zuo)(zuo)業時(shi)，待筒(tong)(tong)內溫度達到作(zuo)(zuo)業要求后，將(jiang)茶葉喂入滾筒(tong)(tong)內，通過控制系(xi)統調節滾筒(tong)(tong)轉(zhuan)速(su)及筒(tong)(tong)內溫度，至茶葉殺(sha)青適度時(shi)，讓筒(tong)(tong)體出葉端向下(xia)傾斜，利用(yong)(yong)重力將(jiang)茶葉排(pai)出機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)外。
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