目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多(duo)是(shi)以微(wei)波殺青(qing)機、滾筒殺青(qing)機和燃氣(qi)炒青(qing)機為主。
1.微波殺青機
微(wei)波殺青設備(bei)是一(yi)種新型的殺青設備(bei)，殺青速(su)度快(kuai)、效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)高、效(xiao)(xiao)果好(hao)。在(zai)殺青的同時，還可以除去約10%的鮮(xian)葉水(shui)分。的原(yuan)理主要(yao)是利用迅(xun)速(su)升溫來鈍化(hua)鮮(xian)葉的的活性氧化(hua)酶(mei)，抑(yi)制鮮(xian)葉中(zhong)的茶多酚等酶(mei)加速(su)氧化(hua)，防止(zhi)在(zai)后續烘(hong)干過程中(zhong)發生色澤嚴重改變，同時揮發鮮(xian)葉的腥草(cao)味，使茶香更好(hao)的形(xing)成。
采用(yong)微波殺青設備對(dui)茶葉、菊花(hua)、金(jin)銀花(hua)等農產品(pin)(pin)進行殺青，平均每公斤的(de)量所(suo)需(xu)要的(de)電費(fei)不到三毛(mao)錢，而且(qie)殺青效果顯著，產品(pin)(pin)色(se)澤、外形和香(xiang)氣都屬(shu)上佳品(pin)(pin)。
2.滾(gun)筒(tong)殺青機(ji)
烏(wu)龍茶殺青(qing)常用90型(xing)(xing)與110型(xing)(xing)兩種機型(xing)(xing)，該機結構緊湊、操作方便(bian)、效(xiao)率高。爐火直接(jie)加(jia)熱轉動的筒
體(ti)，茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)靠摩(mo)擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)離(li)心力在滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋(pao)轉(zhuan)，并吸(xi)收熱量(liang)達到殺(sha)青(qing)目的(de)(de)。殺(sha)青(qing)適度(du)后，反轉(zhuan)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)螺旋導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)將茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)推出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時，借(jie)助(zhu)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)的(de)(de)風(feng)扇將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)排(pai)凈。該機(ji)由(you)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇、機(ji)架、爐(lu)灶等部分組成(cheng)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼板(ban)卷(juan)制而(er)成(cheng)，內(nei)壁焊有導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)角為(wei)24°，其作用(yong)是幫助(zhu)進葉(xie)(xie)(xie)或推出殺(sha)青(qing)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)，并將茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)帶至一定高度(du)后拋(pao)下。風(feng)扇可正、反轉(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)(xie)(xie)出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸(xi)排(pai)濕氣。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩端(duan)外(wai)圍設有擋煙圈，中心有一轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)，通(tong)過兩端(duan)的(de)(de)輻條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相接，轉(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)由(you)軸(zhou)(zhou)承支撐于機(ji)架上。機(ji)架一般用(yong)角鋼制作。爐(lu)灶由(you)通(tong)風(feng)道、爐(lu)柵、爐(lu)膛(tang)、煙囪等組成(cheng)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置(zhi)于爐(lu)膛(tang)內(nei)，爐(lu)膛(tang)頂部有拔風(feng)口與(yu)煙囪相通(tong)。110型殺(sha)青(qing)機(ji)傳(chuan)動(dong)配用(yong)功率(lv)1.1kW，投(tou)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)量(liang)15~25kg,風(feng)機(ji)功率(lv)0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青機(ji)
該機(ji)(ji)以液(ye)化(hua)(hua)氣(qi)為(wei)熱(re)源，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)穩(wen)定(ding)，殺(sha)青均勻，清潔(jie)衛(wei)生、操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方便。該機(ji)(ji)為(wei)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)式(shi)，由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、火(huo)排(pai)加熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)、傳動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構、出茶裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置、控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)和機(ji)(ji)架組(zu)成(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)式(shi)結(jie)構，兩端為(wei)150mm錐體(ti)(ti)(ti)，外筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)采用保(bao)溫(wen)材(cai)料，轉(zhuan)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)下部(bu)(bu)敞(chang)開，用于安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加熱(re)火(huo)排(pai);加熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)使用液(ye)化(hua)(hua)氣(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)燃(ran)(ran)料，燃(ran)(ran)燒器(qi)為(wei)直線(xian)排(pai)火(huo)式(shi)，采用電(dian)子(zi)點火(huo)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置;傳動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構由無級變(bian)速(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)通過(guo)減速(su)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置帶(dai)動(dong)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)轉(zhuan)動(dong);機(ji)(ji)架用型鋼焊制。機(ji)(ji)器(qi)的所有結(jie)構均裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置于機(ji)(ji)架上，機(ji)(ji)架底(di)部(bu)(bu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有4只行走輪，便于移動(dong)。整機(ji)(ji)配(pei)用功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉(xie)(xie)量10~15kg。作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)時，待筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)達到作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)要(yao)求(qiu)后，將(jiang)茶葉(xie)(xie)喂入滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)，通過(guo)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)調節滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)轉(zhuan)速(su)及筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)，至茶葉(xie)(xie)殺(sha)青適度(du)時，讓筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)出葉(xie)(xie)端向(xiang)下傾斜，利用重力(li)將(jiang)茶葉(xie)(xie)排(pai)出機(ji)(ji)外。
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