殺青主要目的(de)是通過高(gao)溫破壞和鈍化鮮葉中的(de)氧(yang)化酶活(huo)性(xing)，抑制鮮葉中的(de)茶多(duo)酚等的(de)酶促氧(yang)化，防止烘干過程中變色。同時散(san)發青臭味，促進良好(hao)香氣的(de)形(xing)成。殺青機(ji)械多(duo)采用微波殺青機(ji)、滾筒(tong)殺青機(ji)和燃(ran)氣炒青機(ji)。

微波殺青機

微波殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)設備(bei)是一種新型的(de)(de)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)設備(bei)，殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)速(su)度快、效率(lv)高、效果好。在殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)同(tong)時，還可以(yi)除去約10%的(de)(de)鮮葉(xie)水分(fen)。微波殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)機的(de)(de)原理主(zhu)要(yao)是利(li)用迅(xun)速(su)升溫來鈍(dun)化鮮葉(xie)的(de)(de)的(de)(de)活性氧化酶，抑制鮮葉(xie)中(zhong)的(de)(de)茶多酚(fen)等酶加速(su)氧化，防止在后續烘干過程(cheng)中(zhong)發(fa)生(sheng)色(se)澤嚴重改變，同(tong)時揮(hui)發(fa)鮮葉(xie)的(de)(de)腥草味(wei)，使(shi)茶香更好的(de)(de)形成。采用微波殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)設備(bei)對茶葉(xie)、菊花、金銀花等農產品(pin)進(jin)行殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)，平均每公斤的(de)(de)量(liang)所需要(yao)的(de)(de)電費(fei)不到三毛(mao)錢，而且殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)效果顯著，產品(pin)色(se)澤、外形和(he)香氣都屬(shu)上佳品(pin)。

滾筒殺青機

烏龍茶(cha)(cha)殺(sha)青常用(yong)(yong)90型與110型兩種機(ji)(ji)型，該機(ji)(ji)結構緊湊、操作方便、效率(lv)高。爐(lu)火直接加熱轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)，茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)的(de)(de)離心(xin)力在(zai)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋(pao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，并吸(xi)收熱量(liang)達到殺(sha)青目的(de)(de)。殺(sha)青適度(du)后(hou)，反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)螺旋導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)將茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)推(tui)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外。同時，借助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)末(mo)端(duan)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)排(pai)(pai)凈(jing)。該機(ji)(ji)由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)裝(zhuang)置、風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)、機(ji)(ji)架(jia)、爐(lu)灶等部(bu)分組成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼板(ban)卷(juan)制(zhi)而成，內(nei)壁焊有導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)角為(wei)24°，其作用(yong)(yong)是幫助進(jin)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)或推(tui)出(chu)殺(sha)青葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，并將茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)帶至(zhi)一定高度(du)后(hou)拋(pao)下(xia)。風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)可正、反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)，以吹葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸(xi)排(pai)(pai)濕(shi)氣。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩端(duan)外圍設有擋(dang)煙圈，中(zhong)心(xin)有一轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)，通過兩端(duan)的(de)(de)輻條(tiao)與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相(xiang)接，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支撐于機(ji)(ji)架(jia)上。機(ji)(ji)架(jia)一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)角鋼制(zhi)作。爐(lu)灶由通風(feng)(feng)道、爐(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)膛、煙囪等組成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置于爐(lu)膛內(nei)，爐(lu)膛頂部(bu)有拔風(feng)(feng)口與煙囪相(xiang)通。110型殺(sha)青機(ji)(ji)傳動(dong)配用(yong)(yong)功率(lv)1.1千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，投葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)量(liang)15~25千(qian)(qian)克,風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)功率(lv)0.75千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)。