目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多(duo)是以(yi)微波殺(sha)青機(ji)、滾筒殺(sha)青機(ji)和燃氣炒(chao)青機(ji)為主。
1.微波(bo)殺青機
微波殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設備是一種(zhong)新型的(de)(de)(de)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設備，殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)速(su)度快、效率(lv)高、效果好。在殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，還可(ke)以除去約10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉水(shui)分。的(de)(de)(de)原理主(zhu)要是利用迅速(su)升溫來鈍化(hua)(hua)(hua)鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)酶，抑(yi)制鮮(xian)葉中的(de)(de)(de)茶多酚等(deng)酶加速(su)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)，防止在后續(xu)烘干過程中發生(sheng)色澤嚴重(zhong)改變(bian)，同時(shi)揮發鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)腥草味(wei)，使(shi)茶香(xiang)更好的(de)(de)(de)形成。
采用(yong)微波殺(sha)(sha)(sha)青(qing)設備對茶葉、菊(ju)花、金銀花等農產(chan)品進行(xing)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)青(qing)，平均每(mei)公斤(jin)的量所(suo)需要的電費不(bu)到三(san)毛錢，而(er)且殺(sha)(sha)(sha)青(qing)效(xiao)果顯著，產(chan)品色澤、外形和香氣都(dou)屬(shu)上佳品。
2.滾筒殺(sha)青機
烏龍茶殺青(qing)常(chang)用90型與(yu)110型兩(liang)種機型，該機結構緊湊、操作方(fang)便、效率(lv)高。爐(lu)火直接加(jia)熱轉動的(de)筒
體(ti)，茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)靠(kao)摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動(dong)的(de)離心(xin)力在(zai)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋轉，并吸收熱量達到殺青目的(de)。殺青適度(du)(du)后(hou)，反轉滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)螺旋導葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)推(tui)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時，借助滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端(duan)(duan)的(de)風(feng)扇(shan)將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)排凈。該機(ji)(ji)由(you)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)裝置、風(feng)扇(shan)、機(ji)(ji)架、爐(lu)灶(zao)等部分組成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)板(ban)卷(juan)制而成，內(nei)壁焊(han)有(you)導葉(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導葉(xie)(xie)角為24°，其作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)幫助進(jin)葉(xie)(xie)或推(tui)出(chu)殺青葉(xie)(xie)，并將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)帶(dai)至一定高(gao)度(du)(du)后(hou)拋下。風(feng)扇(shan)可正、反轉，以(yi)吹葉(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸排濕氣。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)兩端(duan)(duan)外(wai)圍(wei)設有(you)擋煙圈，中心(xin)有(you)一轉軸，通(tong)過兩端(duan)(duan)的(de)輻條與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相接，轉軸由(you)軸承(cheng)支撐(cheng)于(yu)機(ji)(ji)架上(shang)。機(ji)(ji)架一般用(yong)(yong)角鋼(gang)制作。爐(lu)灶(zao)由(you)通(tong)風(feng)道、爐(lu)柵、爐(lu)膛、煙囪等組成。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置于(yu)爐(lu)膛內(nei)，爐(lu)膛頂(ding)部有(you)拔風(feng)口與煙囪相通(tong)。110型殺青機(ji)(ji)傳動(dong)配用(yong)(yong)功(gong)率(lv)1.1kW，投(tou)葉(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風(feng)機(ji)(ji)功(gong)率(lv)0.75kW。
3.燃(ran)氣(qi)炒青機
該機(ji)(ji)以液化(hua)(hua)氣為熱源，作(zuo)業穩定，殺青均(jun)勻，清潔衛生(sheng)、操作(zuo)方便。該機(ji)(ji)為滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)式，由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、火(huo)排(pai)加熱系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、傳動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構、出茶(cha)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和機(ji)(ji)架(jia)組成(cheng)(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體中部(bu)(bu)為圓筒(tong)(tong)式結(jie)構，兩端為150mm錐體，外(wai)筒(tong)(tong)體采用(yong)保溫(wen)材料，轉筒(tong)(tong)體下部(bu)(bu)敞開(kai)，用(yong)于(yu)安裝(zhuang)加熱火(huo)排(pai);加熱系(xi)統(tong)(tong)使用(yong)液化(hua)(hua)氣作(zuo)燃(ran)料，燃(ran)燒器為直線排(pai)火(huo)式，采用(yong)電子點火(huo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi);傳動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構由無級變速電機(ji)(ji)通過減速裝(zhuang)置(zhi)帶(dai)動(dong)筒(tong)(tong)體轉動(dong);機(ji)(ji)架(jia)用(yong)型鋼(gang)焊制(zhi)。機(ji)(ji)器的所有結(jie)構均(jun)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)于(yu)機(ji)(ji)架(jia)上，機(ji)(ji)架(jia)底部(bu)(bu)裝(zhuang)有4只行走輪，便于(yu)移動(dong)。整機(ji)(ji)配用(yong)功率(lv)0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉量10~15kg。作(zuo)業時，待筒(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度(du)(du)達到(dao)作(zuo)業要求(qiu)后，將茶(cha)葉喂入滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內，通過控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)調節滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)轉速及筒(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度(du)(du)，至(zhi)茶(cha)葉殺青適度(du)(du)時，讓筒(tong)(tong)體出葉端向下傾斜，利用(yong)重力將茶(cha)葉排(pai)出機(ji)(ji)外(wai)。
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