目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以(yi)微(wei)波殺(sha)青機、滾筒殺(sha)青機和燃氣炒青機為主。
1.微波(bo)殺青機
微波殺(sha)青設備(bei)是一種新(xin)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殺(sha)青設備(bei)，殺(sha)青速度快(kuai)、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果好。在殺(sha)青的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時，還可(ke)以(yi)除去(qu)約(yue)10%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉水(shui)分。的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)主要是利用迅速升溫(wen)來鈍(dun)化(hua)鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)酶，抑制鮮(xian)葉中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)茶多酚(fen)等酶加速氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)，防止(zhi)在后(hou)續烘干過(guo)程中發生色澤嚴重改變，同(tong)(tong)時揮發鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腥草味(wei)，使茶香(xiang)更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形成。
采用(yong)微波殺青(qing)設(she)備對茶葉(xie)、菊(ju)花、金(jin)銀花等農產品進行殺青(qing)，平均每公斤的(de)量(liang)所需要(yao)的(de)電費不到三毛錢，而且殺青(qing)效果顯著(zhu)，產品色澤、外形和(he)香(xiang)氣都屬上佳品。
2.滾筒殺青機
烏龍茶殺青常用(yong)90型(xing)與110型(xing)兩種機型(xing)，該機結構緊湊、操(cao)作方便、效率高。爐(lu)火直接(jie)加熱轉動的筒
體，茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體內(nei)(nei)靠摩(mo)擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體轉動(dong)的(de)離心力在(zai)滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)拋(pao)轉，并(bing)吸收熱量達(da)到殺青(qing)(qing)目的(de)。殺青(qing)(qing)適度后(hou)，反(fan)轉滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外。同時，借助滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端的(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)扇(shan)(shan)將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)排凈(jing)。該機(ji)(ji)(ji)由滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置(zhi)、風(feng)(feng)(feng)扇(shan)(shan)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)、爐(lu)灶(zao)等部(bu)分組(zu)成。滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼(gang)板卷制而成，內(nei)(nei)壁焊有(you)(you)導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)板，導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)角為24°，其作用(yong)是(shi)幫(bang)助進(jin)葉(xie)(xie)或(huo)(huo)推出(chu)殺青(qing)(qing)葉(xie)(xie)，并(bing)將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)帶至一定高度后(hou)拋(pao)下。風(feng)(feng)(feng)扇(shan)(shan)可正(zheng)、反(fan)轉，以吹(chui)葉(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或(huo)(huo)吸排濕氣(qi)。滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)兩端外圍設(she)有(you)(you)擋煙圈，中心有(you)(you)一轉軸(zhou)，通(tong)過兩端的(de)輻條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體相接，轉軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支(zhi)撐于機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)上(shang)。機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)一般用(yong)角鋼(gang)制作。爐(lu)灶(zao)由通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)道、爐(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)膛(tang)、煙囪等組(zu)成。滾(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體置(zhi)于爐(lu)膛(tang)內(nei)(nei)，爐(lu)膛(tang)頂(ding)部(bu)有(you)(you)拔風(feng)(feng)(feng)口與(yu)煙囪相通(tong)。110型(xing)殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)傳(chuan)動(dong)配用(yong)功(gong)率(lv)1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)功(gong)率(lv)0.75kW。
3.燃(ran)氣炒青機(ji)
該機(ji)(ji)以液(ye)化氣為(wei)熱源，作(zuo)業穩定，殺青均勻，清潔衛生、操作(zuo)方(fang)便。該機(ji)(ji)為(wei)滾筒(tong)(tong)式，由滾筒(tong)(tong)、火(huo)排(pai)加(jia)(jia)熱系統(tong)、傳動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)構、出(chu)茶(cha)裝置、控(kong)制系統(tong)和機(ji)(ji)架組成(圖(tu)4)。滾筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)中部為(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)式結構，兩端為(wei)150mm錐體(ti)，外筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)采(cai)用保溫材(cai)料，轉筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)下(xia)部敞(chang)開(kai)，用于安裝加(jia)(jia)熱火(huo)排(pai);加(jia)(jia)熱系統(tong)使用液(ye)化氣作(zuo)燃料，燃燒器(qi)為(wei)直線排(pai)火(huo)式，采(cai)用電子點火(huo)裝置;傳動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)構由無級變速電機(ji)(ji)通過(guo)減(jian)速裝置帶動(dong)(dong)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動(dong)(dong);機(ji)(ji)架用型鋼焊制。機(ji)(ji)器(qi)的所(suo)有結構均裝置于機(ji)(ji)架上，機(ji)(ji)架底(di)部裝有4只行(xing)走輪，便于移動(dong)(dong)。整(zheng)機(ji)(ji)配用功率0.75kW，單(dan)機(ji)(ji)投葉(xie)量10~15kg。作(zuo)業時，待筒(tong)(tong)內溫度達到作(zuo)業要求(qiu)后(hou)，將茶(cha)葉(xie)喂(wei)入滾筒(tong)(tong)內，通過(guo)控(kong)制系統(tong)調節滾筒(tong)(tong)轉速及筒(tong)(tong)內溫度，至茶(cha)葉(xie)殺青適度時，讓筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)出(chu)葉(xie)端向下(xia)傾斜，利用重力將茶(cha)葉(xie)排(pai)出(chu)機(ji)(ji)外。
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