目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是(shi)以微波(bo)殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)、滾筒殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)和燃氣炒青(qing)(qing)機(ji)為主。
1.微波殺青機
微(wei)波殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設備是(shi)一種新型的(de)(de)殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)設備，殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)速(su)度(du)快、效(xiao)率(lv)高(gao)、效(xiao)果好。在殺(sha)(sha)青(qing)的(de)(de)同時，還可以除去約10%的(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉水(shui)分。的(de)(de)原理主要(yao)是(shi)利(li)用迅速(su)升溫來鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)的(de)(de)活性氧化(hua)(hua)酶，抑(yi)制(zhi)鮮(xian)葉中的(de)(de)茶多酚等酶加速(su)氧化(hua)(hua)，防(fang)止在后續烘干過程中發(fa)生色澤嚴(yan)重改變，同時揮發(fa)鮮(xian)葉的(de)(de)腥(xing)草味(wei)，使茶香更好的(de)(de)形成。
采(cai)用微波殺(sha)青(qing)設備(bei)對茶葉、菊花、金(jin)銀花等農產(chan)品進行(xing)殺(sha)青(qing)，平均每(mei)公斤的(de)量所需要的(de)電費不到三毛錢，而且殺(sha)青(qing)效果顯著，產(chan)品色澤、外形和香氣都屬上佳品。
2.滾筒殺(sha)青機
烏龍茶殺(sha)青常用90型(xing)與110型(xing)兩種機型(xing)，該機結構緊湊、操作方便、效率高(gao)。爐(lu)火直(zhi)接加熱轉動的筒
體(ti)，茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)(nei)靠(kao)摩擦和(he)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動的(de)(de)離心力(li)在滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)拋(pao)轉，并吸(xi)收熱量達到殺(sha)青目的(de)(de)。殺(sha)青適度后(hou)，反轉滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壁(bi)的(de)(de)螺(luo)旋(xuan)導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)推出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外。同時，借助滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)末端的(de)(de)風扇(shan)(shan)將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)排凈(jing)。該(gai)機由滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動裝置、風扇(shan)(shan)、機架、爐(lu)(lu)灶等部分組(zu)成(cheng)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)板卷制而(er)成(cheng)，內(nei)(nei)壁(bi)焊有(you)(you)導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板，導葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)角(jiao)為24°，其(qi)作用(yong)(yong)是幫(bang)助進葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)或(huo)推出殺(sha)青葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，并將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)帶(dai)至(zhi)一定高度后(hou)拋(pao)下。風扇(shan)(shan)可正、反轉，以(yi)吹葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)出筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或(huo)吸(xi)排濕氣。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩端外圍(wei)設有(you)(you)擋(dang)煙(yan)(yan)圈，中心有(you)(you)一轉軸(zhou)，通過(guo)兩端的(de)(de)輻(fu)條與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相(xiang)接，轉軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承支(zhi)撐于機架上。機架一般用(yong)(yong)角(jiao)鋼(gang)(gang)制作。爐(lu)(lu)灶由通風道、爐(lu)(lu)柵、爐(lu)(lu)膛、煙(yan)(yan)囪(cong)等組(zu)成(cheng)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置于爐(lu)(lu)膛內(nei)(nei)，爐(lu)(lu)膛頂(ding)部有(you)(you)拔風口(kou)與(yu)煙(yan)(yan)囪(cong)相(xiang)通。110型(xing)殺(sha)青機傳動配用(yong)(yong)功率1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風機功率0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青(qing)機
該機以液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)為熱(re)(re)源，作(zuo)(zuo)業穩定，殺青(qing)均勻，清潔(jie)衛生(sheng)、操作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)便(bian)。該機為滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)式，由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)、火(huo)排(pai)加熱(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)統、傳(chuan)動機構、出茶(cha)裝置(zhi)、控制系(xi)(xi)統和機架(jia)(jia)(jia)組(zu)成(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)體中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)為圓筒(tong)(tong)式結構，兩端為150mm錐體，外筒(tong)(tong)體采(cai)用(yong)保溫(wen)材料，轉筒(tong)(tong)體下(xia)部(bu)(bu)敞開，用(yong)于安(an)裝加熱(re)(re)火(huo)排(pai);加熱(re)(re)系(xi)(xi)統使用(yong)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)燃料，燃燒器為直線排(pai)火(huo)式，采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)子點(dian)火(huo)裝置(zhi);傳(chuan)動機構由無級變速電(dian)機通(tong)過減速裝置(zhi)帶動筒(tong)(tong)體轉動;機架(jia)(jia)(jia)用(yong)型鋼焊制。機器的所有結構均裝置(zhi)于機架(jia)(jia)(jia)上，機架(jia)(jia)(jia)底部(bu)(bu)裝有4只(zhi)行走(zou)輪(lun)，便(bian)于移動。整機配(pei)用(yong)功率0.75kW，單機投葉(xie)(xie)量10~15kg。作(zuo)(zuo)業時(shi)，待筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)溫(wen)度達(da)到(dao)作(zuo)(zuo)業要求(qiu)后(hou)，將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)喂入滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)，通(tong)過控制系(xi)(xi)統調節滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)轉速及筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)溫(wen)度，至(zhi)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)殺青(qing)適度時(shi)，讓筒(tong)(tong)體出葉(xie)(xie)端向(xiang)下(xia)傾斜，利(li)用(yong)重(zhong)力將(jiang)茶(cha)葉(xie)(xie)排(pai)出機外。
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