目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是(shi)以微波殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)、滾筒殺青(qing)(qing)機(ji)和燃(ran)氣炒青(qing)(qing)機(ji)為主。
1.微波殺(sha)青機
微(wei)波殺(sha)(sha)青設(she)備是(shi)一種新型(xing)的(de)殺(sha)(sha)青設(she)備，殺(sha)(sha)青速(su)度(du)快、效(xiao)率高、效(xiao)果好(hao)。在(zai)殺(sha)(sha)青的(de)同時(shi)，還可以除去約10%的(de)鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)水分。的(de)原理主要是(shi)利用迅速(su)升溫來鈍(dun)化鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)的(de)活性氧化酶(mei)，抑制(zhi)鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)中的(de)茶多酚等酶(mei)加速(su)氧化，防(fang)止在(zai)后續烘干過(guo)程中發生(sheng)色澤嚴(yan)重(zhong)改變，同時(shi)揮發鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)腥草味，使(shi)茶香更(geng)好(hao)的(de)形成(cheng)。
采用微(wei)波(bo)殺(sha)青(qing)設備對茶葉、菊花(hua)(hua)、金銀花(hua)(hua)等(deng)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)進(jin)行殺(sha)青(qing)，平(ping)均每公斤的(de)量所需要的(de)電費不到三(san)毛錢(qian)，而(er)且殺(sha)青(qing)效果顯著，產(chan)品(pin)色澤、外(wai)形(xing)和香氣都屬上佳品(pin)。
2.滾筒殺青(qing)機
烏龍茶(cha)殺青常(chang)用90型(xing)與110型(xing)兩種機(ji)型(xing)，該機(ji)結構緊(jin)湊(cou)、操(cao)作方(fang)便、效率高。爐火直接加熱轉動的筒
體(ti)，茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦(ca)和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動的(de)離(li)心力在(zai)滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，并吸收(shou)熱量達到殺(sha)青目的(de)。殺(sha)青適度后，反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)壁(bi)的(de)螺(luo)旋導(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)將(jiang)茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外。同(tong)時，借助滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)末(mo)端的(de)風(feng)扇將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)排(pai)凈。該(gai)機由(you)(you)滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇、機架、爐(lu)灶(zao)等部分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼板(ban)卷制(zhi)而成(cheng)(cheng)，內(nei)壁(bi)焊有(you)導(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導(dao)(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)角為24°，其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是(shi)幫助進(jin)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)或推出(chu)殺(sha)青葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，并將(jiang)茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)帶(dai)至一定高度后拋下(xia)。風(feng)扇可正、反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，以(yi)吹(chui)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸排(pai)濕氣。滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)兩端外圍設有(you)擋(dang)煙圈，中心有(you)一轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)，通過兩端的(de)輻條與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)相接(jie)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)由(you)(you)軸(zhou)承支撐于機架上。機架一般用(yong)(yong)角鋼制(zhi)作(zuo)。爐(lu)灶(zao)由(you)(you)通風(feng)道(dao)、爐(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)膛、煙囪等組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。滾(gun)(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)置(zhi)于爐(lu)膛內(nei)，爐(lu)膛頂部有(you)拔風(feng)口與煙囪相通。110型殺(sha)青機傳(chuan)動配用(yong)(yong)功(gong)率1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風(feng)機功(gong)率0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青(qing)機(ji)
該機(ji)(ji)以液化(hua)(hua)氣為(wei)(wei)熱(re)源，作業穩定(ding)，殺青均(jun)勻，清潔衛(wei)生(sheng)、操作方(fang)便。該機(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)式(shi)，由滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、火(huo)(huo)排加(jia)熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)、傳動機(ji)(ji)構(gou)、出茶(cha)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、控制系(xi)統(tong)和機(ji)(ji)架組成(圖4)。滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體中部為(wei)(wei)圓(yuan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)式(shi)結(jie)構(gou)，兩端(duan)為(wei)(wei)150mm錐體，外筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體采(cai)用(yong)(yong)保(bao)溫材料，轉(zhuan)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體下部敞開，用(yong)(yong)于安裝(zhuang)加(jia)熱(re)火(huo)(huo)排;加(jia)熱(re)系(xi)統(tong)使用(yong)(yong)液化(hua)(hua)氣作燃料，燃燒(shao)器為(wei)(wei)直線(xian)排火(huo)(huo)式(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電子(zi)點火(huo)(huo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi);傳動機(ji)(ji)構(gou)由無(wu)級(ji)變速(su)電機(ji)(ji)通過(guo)減速(su)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)帶動筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體轉(zhuan)動;機(ji)(ji)架用(yong)(yong)型鋼焊制。機(ji)(ji)器的所有(you)結(jie)構(gou)均(jun)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)于機(ji)(ji)架上，機(ji)(ji)架底部裝(zhuang)有(you)4只行走輪，便于移(yi)動。整機(ji)(ji)配用(yong)(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉(xie)量(liang)10~15kg。作業時，待筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫度達到(dao)作業要求后，將茶(cha)葉(xie)喂入滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內，通過(guo)控制系(xi)統(tong)調節滾(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)轉(zhuan)速(su)及筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫度，至茶(cha)葉(xie)殺青適度時，讓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)體出葉(xie)端(duan)向下傾(qing)斜，利用(yong)(yong)重(zhong)力將茶(cha)葉(xie)排出機(ji)(ji)外。
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