目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以(yi)微波殺青(qing)機、滾筒殺青(qing)機和燃氣炒青(qing)機為主。
1.微波殺青機
微波殺青(qing)設備(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)一種新型的(de)(de)(de)殺青(qing)設備(bei)(bei)，殺青(qing)速(su)度快(kuai)、效率高、效果好(hao)。在殺青(qing)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，還可以(yi)除去約10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)葉(xie)水分。的(de)(de)(de)原理主要是(shi)(shi)利用迅速(su)升溫來鈍化(hua)鮮(xian)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性氧化(hua)酶(mei)，抑制鮮(xian)葉(xie)中的(de)(de)(de)茶多酚等酶(mei)加(jia)速(su)氧化(hua)，防(fang)止在后續(xu)烘干過程中發(fa)生色(se)澤嚴重(zhong)改變，同時(shi)揮(hui)發(fa)鮮(xian)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)腥(xing)草(cao)味，使茶香更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)形成。
采用微(wei)波(bo)殺(sha)青(qing)設備對茶葉(xie)、菊花、金銀花等(deng)農產品(pin)進(jin)行(xing)殺(sha)青(qing)，平均每公斤(jin)的量所(suo)需要(yao)的電費不到三毛錢，而且(qie)殺(sha)青(qing)效(xiao)果(guo)顯著(zhu)，產品(pin)色澤(ze)、外形和香氣都屬上佳(jia)品(pin)。
2.滾(gun)筒殺青機
烏(wu)龍茶(cha)殺青常用90型(xing)與110型(xing)兩種機(ji)型(xing)，該機(ji)結構(gou)緊湊(cou)、操作方(fang)便、效(xiao)率高。爐火(huo)直接加(jia)熱(re)轉動的筒(tong)
體(ti)(ti)，茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)轉動的(de)(de)(de)離心力(li)在(zai)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)拋轉，并(bing)吸收熱量達到殺(sha)青目的(de)(de)(de)。殺(sha)青適度(du)后(hou)，反轉滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)(de)螺旋導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)將茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時(shi)，借助滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)末端的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)扇(shan)將筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)排(pai)凈(jing)。該機(ji)(ji)由(you)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳動裝置(zhi)、風(feng)扇(shan)、機(ji)(ji)架(jia)、爐(lu)(lu)灶等部分組成。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)板(ban)卷制而(er)成，內(nei)壁焊有導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)板(ban)，導(dao)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)角為24°，其(qi)作用(yong)(yong)是幫助進葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)或推出(chu)殺(sha)青葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，并(bing)將茶葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)帶(dai)至一定(ding)高(gao)度(du)后(hou)拋下。風(feng)扇(shan)可正、反轉，以(yi)吹葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)或吸排(pai)濕氣。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)兩端外(wai)圍設有擋煙(yan)圈，中心有一轉軸，通過兩端的(de)(de)(de)輻條(tiao)與筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)相接，轉軸由(you)軸承(cheng)支撐于機(ji)(ji)架(jia)上(shang)。機(ji)(ji)架(jia)一般用(yong)(yong)角鋼(gang)制作。爐(lu)(lu)灶由(you)通風(feng)道(dao)、爐(lu)(lu)柵、爐(lu)(lu)膛(tang)、煙(yan)囪等組成。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)置(zhi)于爐(lu)(lu)膛(tang)內(nei)，爐(lu)(lu)膛(tang)頂部有拔風(feng)口與煙(yan)囪相通。110型殺(sha)青機(ji)(ji)傳動配用(yong)(yong)功率1.1kW，投葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)量15~25kg,風(feng)機(ji)(ji)功率0.75kW。
3.燃(ran)氣炒青機(ji)
該機(ji)(ji)以(yi)液化氣為(wei)(wei)熱源，作(zuo)業穩定，殺(sha)青(qing)均(jun)勻，清潔(jie)衛生、操作(zuo)方便(bian)。該機(ji)(ji)為(wei)(wei)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)式(shi)，由滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、火排加(jia)熱系統、傳動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)構、出(chu)茶(cha)(cha)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)、控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統和(he)機(ji)(ji)架組成(圖4)。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)中部為(wei)(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)式(shi)結構，兩端為(wei)(wei)150mm錐體(ti)，外筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)采(cai)用(yong)保溫(wen)材料(liao)，轉筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)下部敞開，用(yong)于安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加(jia)熱火排;加(jia)熱系統使用(yong)液化氣作(zuo)燃(ran)料(liao)，燃(ran)燒器(qi)為(wei)(wei)直線排火式(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)電子(zi)點(dian)火裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi);傳動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)構由無級變速(su)(su)電機(ji)(ji)通過減(jian)速(su)(su)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)帶動(dong)(dong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動(dong)(dong);機(ji)(ji)架用(yong)型鋼焊制(zhi)。機(ji)(ji)器(qi)的(de)所有結構均(jun)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)于機(ji)(ji)架上，機(ji)(ji)架底部裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有4只行走輪，便(bian)于移動(dong)(dong)。整機(ji)(ji)配用(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉(xie)量10~15kg。作(zuo)業時(shi)，待(dai)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度達到(dao)作(zuo)業要求后，將茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)喂(wei)入滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內，通過控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系統調(diao)節滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)轉速(su)(su)及筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度，至茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)殺(sha)青(qing)適度時(shi)，讓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體(ti)出(chu)葉(xie)端向下傾斜，利用(yong)重力將茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)排出(chu)機(ji)(ji)外。
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