目前，市場上流行的殺青機械多是以微(wei)波殺青(qing)機(ji)、滾筒(tong)殺青(qing)機(ji)和(he)燃(ran)氣炒(chao)青(qing)機(ji)為主。
1.微(wei)波(bo)殺青機
微波殺青設備是一(yi)種新型的(de)(de)(de)殺青設備，殺青速度快、效率(lv)高(gao)、效果(guo)好(hao)。在殺青的(de)(de)(de)同時，還可以除去約(yue)10%的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)(xian)葉水分。的(de)(de)(de)原理(li)主(zhu)要是利(li)用迅(xun)速升溫來鈍化鮮(xian)(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)活性氧化酶，抑制鮮(xian)(xian)葉中的(de)(de)(de)茶多酚等酶加速氧化，防止在后續烘干過(guo)程中發(fa)生色澤嚴重(zhong)改變，同時揮發(fa)鮮(xian)(xian)葉的(de)(de)(de)腥(xing)草味，使(shi)茶香更好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成。
采(cai)用微波殺青(qing)設備對茶葉、菊花(hua)、金銀花(hua)等農產品(pin)(pin)進行殺青(qing)，平均每(mei)公斤(jin)的量所需(xu)要的電(dian)費不到三毛錢，而且殺青(qing)效果(guo)顯著，產品(pin)(pin)色澤、外形(xing)和香(xiang)氣都屬(shu)上佳品(pin)(pin)。
2.滾(gun)筒殺青機(ji)
烏龍茶殺青(qing)常用(yong)90型與(yu)110型兩種機型，該機結構緊湊、操作(zuo)方便(bian)、效率高。爐火直接加熱轉動的筒
體(ti)，茶(cha)葉在(zai)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)內(nei)(nei)靠摩擦和筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)轉動的(de)(de)離心力在(zai)滾筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)拋(pao)轉，并吸收熱量(liang)(liang)達到殺(sha)(sha)青目的(de)(de)。殺(sha)(sha)青適度(du)后(hou)(hou)，反轉滾筒(tong)(tong)，利用(yong)(yong)筒(tong)(tong)壁的(de)(de)螺旋導葉板(ban)將(jiang)(jiang)茶(cha)葉推出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)外(wai)。同時，借助滾筒(tong)(tong)末(mo)端的(de)(de)風扇(shan)將(jiang)(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)內(nei)(nei)茶(cha)葉排凈。該機(ji)由滾筒(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動裝置、風扇(shan)、機(ji)架、爐(lu)(lu)灶(zao)等部(bu)分組成(cheng)。滾筒(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼板(ban)卷制而(er)成(cheng)，內(nei)(nei)壁焊有(you)導葉板(ban)，導葉角為(wei)24°，其(qi)作用(yong)(yong)是幫助進葉或(huo)推出(chu)殺(sha)(sha)青葉，并將(jiang)(jiang)茶(cha)葉帶至一定(ding)高度(du)后(hou)(hou)拋(pao)下。風扇(shan)可正、反轉，以吹葉出(chu)筒(tong)(tong)或(huo)吸排濕氣。滾筒(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)兩端外(wai)圍設有(you)擋(dang)煙(yan)圈，中心有(you)一轉軸(zhou)，通(tong)過兩端的(de)(de)輻條(tiao)與筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)相接，轉軸(zhou)由軸(zhou)承(cheng)支(zhi)撐于(yu)機(ji)架上。機(ji)架一般用(yong)(yong)角鋼制作。爐(lu)(lu)灶(zao)由通(tong)風道(dao)、爐(lu)(lu)柵(zha)、爐(lu)(lu)膛(tang)、煙(yan)囪等組成(cheng)。滾筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)置于(yu)爐(lu)(lu)膛(tang)內(nei)(nei)，爐(lu)(lu)膛(tang)頂部(bu)有(you)拔風口與煙(yan)囪相通(tong)。110型殺(sha)(sha)青機(ji)傳(chuan)動配用(yong)(yong)功率1.1kW，投葉量(liang)(liang)15~25kg,風機(ji)功率0.75kW。
3.燃氣炒青機
該機(ji)(ji)以(yi)液化(hua)氣(qi)為(wei)熱源，作業(ye)(ye)穩定，殺青(qing)均勻，清潔衛(wei)生、操作方便。該機(ji)(ji)為(wei)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)式，由滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)、火(huo)排(pai)加熱系統(tong)(tong)(tong)、傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)、出茶裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)、控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)和機(ji)(ji)架(jia)(jia)組成(圖4)。滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體中部(bu)為(wei)圓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)式結構(gou)，兩端為(wei)150mm錐(zhui)體，外筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體采(cai)用(yong)保溫(wen)材料，轉筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體下(xia)部(bu)敞開，用(yong)于安裝(zhuang)加熱火(huo)排(pai);加熱系統(tong)(tong)(tong)使用(yong)液化(hua)氣(qi)作燃料，燃燒(shao)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)直(zhi)線排(pai)火(huo)式，采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)子點火(huo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi);傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)由無級變(bian)速(su)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)通過(guo)減速(su)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)帶動(dong)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體轉動(dong);機(ji)(ji)架(jia)(jia)用(yong)型鋼焊制(zhi)。機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)的所(suo)有結構(gou)均裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)于機(ji)(ji)架(jia)(jia)上，機(ji)(ji)架(jia)(jia)底部(bu)裝(zhuang)有4只行走輪，便于移動(dong)。整(zheng)機(ji)(ji)配(pei)用(yong)功率0.75kW，單機(ji)(ji)投葉量10~15kg。作業(ye)(ye)時，待筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度達到作業(ye)(ye)要求后(hou)，將(jiang)茶葉喂入滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內，通過(guo)控(kong)制(zhi)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)調節(jie)滾筒(tong)(tong)(tong)轉速(su)及筒(tong)(tong)(tong)內溫(wen)度，至茶葉殺青(qing)適度時，讓筒(tong)(tong)(tong)體出葉端向下(xia)傾斜，利用(yong)重力將(jiang)茶葉排(pai)出機(ji)(ji)外。
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